Introduction : Preschool consultation (PSC) plays a critical role in the prevention of child health issues, particularly in resource-limited settings. However, family adherence varies and is inuenced by sociocultural, economic, and organizational factors. This study aims to identify the determinants of non-compliance with PSC among mothers attending the Lwama Health Center in Kindu (DRC), to guide targeted interventions.
Methods : A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among mothers of children under ve years old. Non-probabilistic sampling was used. Data were collected via a selfadministered questionnaire (in French and Swahili). Descriptive analyses and chi-square tests were performed to examine associations between variables and PSC non-compliance ; significance threshold set at p < 0.05. Data analysis was carried out using Excel and SPSS.
Results : Among 142 mothers (median age 27 years ; children aged 2-54 months), 63% did not adhere regularly to PSC. Signicant factors associated with non-compliance included having a child 6 months old (p = 0.001) ; maternal age <20 years (p = 0.014) ; low maternal education level (p = 0.003). Other associations involved use of traditional medicine (p= 0.01) and perceived cost of PSC (p = 0.005). Inuential organizational factors included
waiting times exceeding one hour (p = 0.003) and distance greater than 10 km from the PSC facility (p = 0.04). Service availability periods and home visits showed lesser effects.
Discussion : Socioeconomic, cultural, and logistical barriers impede adherence to PSC. Perceived costs and geographic constraints emerge as key intervention points. Recommendations include community awareness campaigns, reduction of indirect costs, improved access through proximity or mobile clinics, and involvement of male partners in decisionmaking processes. Additional qualitative research is suggested to better understand local dynamics.
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